Room temperature superconductivity-the scenes in science fiction movies are about to be realized? What do people in the motor industry say?

If you need to take the green train from Guangzhou to Tibet, you will experience a journey of up to 52 hours. We often imagine how ideal it would be if trains could go as fast as airplanes.

Now, it's not only possible, it's possible to do it even faster.

Recently, laboratories in China, the United States and Russia reproduced the LK-99 superconducting crystal on the same day. This means that in the future, a maglev train that can fly 2,000 kilometers per hour is no longer a distant dream. This technology can even be used to build spacecraft and accelerate our exploration of the universe.

The biggest difference between superconductors and ordinary conductor materials is that they have two characteristics: "zero resistance" and "complete diamagnetism". When current passes through it, no loss will occur within the superconducting material no matter how long it is, and the potential for practical applications is very considerable.

If room temperature superconducting technology can be widely used, all electrified equipment and processes will usher in an explosive revolution, which can be called the fourth industrial revolution - electric motors, generators, transformers and other equipment will undergo profound changes. .

What kind of innovation will the realization of room temperature superconducting technology bring to motor technology?

As the power source for electrical appliances or various machinery, motors play an important role in the development of mankind. If room temperature superconducting technology is realized, it will directly promote the advancement of motor technology, help improve motor efficiency, achieve greater power and reduce motor costs.

At present, the loss of the motor mainly consists of stator copper loss, rotor copper loss, iron loss, wind friction loss and stray loss. Stator copper loss refers to the loss caused by the current flowing through the stator winding on the wire resistance. Rotor copper loss refers to the loss caused by the current flowing through the rotor winding on the wire resistance. In layman's terms, it is the heat loss of the rotor resistance.

Iron loss refers to the eddy current and hysteresis loss in the silicon steel sheet when the armature core rotates in the magnetic field in the generator. Wind friction loss mainly refers to the contact friction between the rotor and air, bearing friction and other losses. Stray losses include no-load and load stray losses.

Room-temperature superconducting technology can achieve zero loss in the motor, thereby improving motor efficiency. It is understood that the superconducting wire has diamagnetic characteristics. The stator adopts a coreless design, and 17 kinds of trace element alloy films are plated on the superconducting wire to achieve the skin effect formed when high-frequency current passes through, showing high-frequency superconducting properties.

Therefore, the stator has no copper losses, eddy current losses, hysteresis losses and magnetic saturation losses. The rotor uses super-strong permanent magnets with high internal resistance to maintain a non-magnetic state, so there is no eddy current loss, harmonic loss and excitation loss of the rotor. Relevant data show that the motor loss accounts for approximately 26% of iron loss, 33% of stator I^2R loss, 16% of rotor I^2R loss, 15% of wind and friction loss, and 10% of stray loss.

If room-temperature superconducting technology is applied to motors, it can easily achieve low temperature rise, low noise, and greater torque than motors of the same power. The efficiency curve is similar to a horizontal straight line, and the efficiency value can be stabilized at more than 97%-99% - that is Super-performance maglev trains and spaceships are no longer a dream.

How can room-temperature superconducting technology increase motor efficiency to 99%? Zhu Xiaokang, manager of the DC brushless technology department of Dayang Motor said: "Superconducting materials can achieve zero loss. Room-temperature superconductors realize that the impedance of conductive materials at room temperature is 0. Affected by the magnetic field. If normal temperature superconductivity is applied to motors, the efficiency can be increased to 99.9% and above. The benefits are that the motor is smaller, the power ratio is greatly improved, the heat is smaller, and the power is saved, etc. Normal temperature Replacing coils in motors with superconducting materials will bring great advantages to motor efficiency."

The reporter also got the same answer through subsequent interviews with industry figures such as Johnson Electric. Many industry authorities have stated that if room-temperature superconducting materials are realized, room-temperature superconducting materials will replace them in motor windings.

Can room temperature superconductivity be realized? Industry professors and insiders say this

Regarding whether room-temperature superconducting materials can be realized, Lu Qinfen, professor and doctoral supervisor at Zhejiang University, said: "Currently, this room-temperature superconducting material has not been fully verified. Even in some experiments, the sample size of room-temperature superconducting materials is very small. In theory, , the experiment of room-temperature superconductivity is one-sided, so there are still many uncertainties. We are still in a wait-and-see state for this technology."

Yang Pin, R&D engineer of Wolong Electric motor body and accessories, also said: "If this superconducting technology is realized, it will definitely be of epochal significance, because room temperature superconducting technology is not only used in motors, but will also have applications in other aspects of conduction." A big change. On the application side, if room-temperature superconducting technology can be realized, I hope it can be used. But at this stage, this room-temperature superconducting technology is still unknown."

In general, room-temperature superconducting technology has the potential to trigger revolutionary changes in fields such as electric motors and maglev trains. However, room-temperature superconducting technology is still in an experimental stage and needs more research and verification before it can be popularized. We are confident about the future, but we also need to be alert to the challenges that technological progress may bring. Let us look forward to scientists making more breakthroughs in this area and bringing greater convenience and efficiency to our lives.